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Tigra Dam (also spelled "Tighra Dam") creates a freshwater reservoir on the Sank River, about 23 km from Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India〔 http://visionmp.com/madhya-pradesh/development/tourism/ Water, retrieved 2011 April 24. 〕 It plays a crucial role in supplying water to the city. The dam is 24 metres high at its crest, and 1341 m long. The reservoir has a capacity of 4.8 million cubic metres and the spillway structure can pass up to 1274 cubic metres per second.〔Gopal K. Bhargava, Shankarlal C. Bhatt ''Land and people of Indian states and union territories. 15. Madhya Pradesh'', Kalpaz Publications 2006 ISBN 81-7835-371-7 page 361 〕 A dam constructed on this site in 1916 failed on the afternoon of August 4, 1917, due to infiltration into its sandstone foundations. About 1000 people were killed downstream.〔 Khadg Singh Valdiya, ''Geology, Environment and Society'', Universities Press, 2004 ISBN 81-7371-505-X, page 178 〕 A subsequent structure failed in 1970. Tighra dam has been constructed on Sank River in 1916. This dam has been constructed in the vicinity of eleven villages. The villagers depend on this dam for their irrigation, drinking and domestic purpose. Moreover, the dam also provides the water required for the drinking purpose in the Gwalior City. One of the negative impacts of Tighra dam is that it is constructed in Ghati Goan. After the construction of the dam the area became a suitable habitat for several birds and this area was later declared as a Bird Sanctuary. However this also led to the relocation of the people that was residing in the surrounding area of the dam. Despite of the positive attributes like control of stream regime, prevention of flood, water for irrigation. Dams present negative impacts on the environment. Some of the negative impacts that can be mentioned are water logging, land loss, relocation of people and silt formation. ==References== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tigra Dam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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